Ecosystems
Policy Brief // Working with the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) Nexus
This policy note provides a summary and perspectives of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) Nexus for climate-resilient sustainable development.…
Case Studies // Examining the Water-Energy-Food Security- Ecosystem Nexus Approach in Nepal
Despite its strong theoretical foundation, the WEFE nexus has been criticized for lacking adequate practical examples and case studies. Specifically,…
Research Article // Looking at the Water-Energy-Food nexus through the lens of Ecosystem Services: a new perspective
By Beatrice Sambo and colleagues. This perspective paper argues that a truly integrated nexus approach necessitates placing ecosystem services at the…
Research Article // Groundwater Protection and the Food–Water–Energy Nexus: A Conspectus
By Clothier et al. This Article reviews groundwater-protection measures under two contrasting food-production systems: viticulture in temperate New…
Policy Brief // What "Nexus"? Towards Resource Nexus Standardization
This policy brief outlines a practical roadmap for strengthening the Resource Nexus approach by establishing a clear, operational definition…
MOOC // Dimensions of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus
This free online course strengthens participants’ capacity to analyse WEFE Nexus interlinkages, work with reliable data, develop future scenarios,…
Recording // Humanity at the Center: Global Citizenship, Ethical AI, and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus for Transformative SDG Action (HLPF 2026 Side Event)
This event explored how global citizenship, ethical AI, and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus can accelerate the SDGs. Youth presented AI-driven solutions…
Policy Brief // Policy Brief on WEFE Nexus Bridging Framework: A methodological framework for WEFE Nexus implementation
This Policy Brief presents the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems (WEFE) Nexus, an integrated approach that coordinates water, energy, food, and ecosystem…
Webinar // Nexus Seminar 87: Integrating WEFE Nexus Indicators for Assessing Sustainability in Farming Systems
In this seminar, participants were introduced to the WEFE Nexus Indicator (WEFNI) framework and explored how water, carbon, and energy footprints can…
Research Article // Diverse values of nature can drive transformative change in the WEFE nexus governance in Mediterranean countries
By Garau et al. This study addresses gaps in the WEFE nexus research by integrating the IPBES Diverse Values of Nature and Human–Nature Connectedness…
Research Article // WEFE nexus unveiled: a comprehensive review of monitoring and modelling methods in the water-energy-food-ecosystems nexus
By Vrachioli et al. This paper underscores the importance of considering ecosystems on an equal footing with water, energy, and food sectors,…
Research Article // Nexus approach to enhance water energy-food security and ecosystems resilience under climate change in the Mediterranean
By Drobinski et al. This study examines how climate change intensifies interconnected WEFE challenges in the Mediterranean Basin and highlights…
Research Article // A tool for optimizing the water, energy, food and ecosystem service nexus amidst diverse stakeholder interests
By Verbist et al. This study applies the Stakeholder WEFE Efficiency Evaluation Tool (SWEET) to optimize the water–energy–food–ecosystem (WEFE) nexus…
Research Article // Quantifying Nature-Based Solutions within the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus: an intensity-based WEFE assessment of an agroecological vineyard in Northern Spain
By Rhouma et al. This study develops an intensity-based WEFE Nexus framework to quantitatively assess how agroecological Nature-Based Solutions…
Research Article // Framing water–energy–food–ecosystem (WEFE) nexus interactions in the Tana-Beles Sub-basin of Ethiopia
By Abera et al. This study systematically analyzes water–energy–food–ecosystem (WEFE) nexus interactions in Ethiopia’s Tana-Beles Sub-basin,…